Bir k\u0131\u015f gecesi, odadaki soban\u0131n ate\u015fi yava\u015f yava\u015f s\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, insan ister istemez \u015fu soruya kap\u0131l\u0131r: Is\u0131 nereye gidiyor? G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir ak\u0131\u015f var; enerji kaybolmuyor, yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. \u0130\u015fte bu g\u00fcndelik sahne, bizi hem bilimin hem de felsefenin en eski sorular\u0131ndan birine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr: Evreni ayakta tutan \u015fey nedir?<\/p>\n
Spinoza, bu soruya 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda radikal bir yan\u0131t verdi. Ona g\u00f6re Tanr\u0131 ve do\u011fa ayn\u0131yd\u0131; evrende olup biten her \u015fey, zorunlu bir d\u00fczenin i\u00e7indeydi. Tanr\u0131, evrenden ayr\u0131 de\u011fil, bizzat evrenin kendisiydi. T\u00f6z kavram\u0131yla kastetti\u011fi \u015fey, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n mutlak temeli, yani de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ama farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerle tezah\u00fcr eden bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckt\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Bilim cephesinde ise y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra termodinamik yasalar\u0131 \u015fekillendi. Birinci yasa, enerjinin yoktan var edilemeyece\u011fini ve yok olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Bu, Spinoza\u2019n\u0131n t\u00f6z\u00fcyle \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131r: de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ama bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir \u00f6z. \u0130kinci yasa, entropinin yani d\u00fczensizli\u011fin s\u00fcrekli artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Spinoza evreni uyumlu ve d\u00fczenli g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, modern bilim bu d\u00fczenin i\u00e7inde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme de fark eder.<\/p>\n
Tam da burada farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f do\u011far. Evren yaln\u0131zca d\u00fczenin ve d\u00fczensizli\u011fin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla de\u011fil, ikisinin dans\u0131yla s\u00fcrer. Panlektik yakla\u015f\u0131m, bu dans\u0131 dura\u011fan bir tablo olarak de\u011fil, s\u00fcrekli akan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. D\u00fczen, entropinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla yok olmaz; tersine, her \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme yeni bir d\u00fczenin do\u011fu\u015funa zemin haz\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsan bilinci de bu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fildir. Spinoza i\u00e7in insan, do\u011fan\u0131n zorunlu bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r; \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, zorunlulu\u011fun fark\u0131na varmaktan ibarettir. Fakat Panlektik bak\u0131\u015f, burada bir kap\u0131 daha aralar: Bilin\u00e7, yaln\u0131zca fiziksel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fildir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc ve anlam kurma yetisi, evrensel ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n kendisini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir boyut a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n
Sorular h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde duruyor: Enerji korunuyorsa, onu ilk kez kim d\u00fczenledi? Entropi art\u0131yorsa, ya\u015fam\u0131n amac\u0131 da daima yeni d\u00fczenler kurmak olabilir mi? Bilin\u00e7 yaln\u0131zca beynin kimyas\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r, yoksa daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn yank\u0131s\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n
Spinoza\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fayla \u00f6zde\u015f Tanr\u0131\u2019s\u0131, termodinami\u011fin yasalar\u0131 ve bug\u00fcn\u00fcn sorular\u0131 bir araya geldi\u011finde, ortaya tek bir cevap de\u011fil, bir yolculuk \u00e7\u0131kar. Yolculu\u011fun ad\u0131 ise evrensel ak\u0131\u015fla uyumlanmak: D\u00fczenin ve kaosun, zorunlulu\u011fun ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, enerji ve bilincin birlikte \u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck dokuyu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak.<\/p>\n
Belki de soban\u0131n s\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc izleyen insan, yaln\u0131zca odan\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131na de\u011fil, evrenin i\u015fleyi\u015fine de tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyordur. Ve bu tan\u0131kl\u0131k, hem bilimin hem de felsefenin ortak k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bir k\u0131\u015f gecesi, odadaki soban\u0131n ate\u015fi yava\u015f yava\u015f s\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, insan ister istemez \u015fu soruya kap\u0131l\u0131r: Is\u0131 nereye gidiyor? G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir ak\u0131\u015f var; enerji kaybolmuyor, yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. \u0130\u015fte bu g\u00fcndelik sahne, bizi hem bilimin hem de felsefenin en eski sorular\u0131ndan birine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr: Evreni ayakta tutan \u015fey nedir? Spinoza, bu soruya 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda radikal […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":56,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-varolusculuk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}