{"id":18,"date":"2019-11-26T12:22:54","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T12:22:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/felsefe-nedir\/"},"modified":"2019-11-26T12:22:54","modified_gmt":"2019-11-26T12:22:54","slug":"felsefe-nedir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/felsefe-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Panlektik Felsefe: Hakikatin \u0130zinde Bir Yolculuk"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"219\">\u00c2dem\u2019in felsefeye ilgisi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iddiayla ba\u015flamad\u0131. Ne bir k\u00fcrs\u00fcde, ne d\u00fczenli bir okuma program\u0131nda, ne de kendine filozof deme hevesinde. Ankara\u2019n\u0131n so\u011fuk bir ak\u015fam\u0131nda, beklenmeyen bir k\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"221\" data-end=\"404\">Mavi\u2019yle bulu\u015faca\u011f\u0131 pastanede uzun s\u00fcre oturmu\u015ftu. Duvar saatine, buhar\u0131 azalan \u00e7aya, her a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanan kap\u0131ya bakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mavi gelmedi. \u00c2dem de eve d\u00f6nmedi. Milli K\u00fct\u00fcphane\u2019ye y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"406\" data-end=\"800\">Raflar\u0131n aras\u0131nda ne arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmeden dola\u015f\u0131rken bir masan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kitap g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Camus\u2019n\u00fcn <em data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"529\">Yabanc\u0131<\/em>\u2019s\u0131yd\u0131. Sayfan\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, Marie\u2019nin evlilik sorusuna verilen o kay\u0131ts\u0131z cevap duruyordu. \u00c2dem c\u00fcmleyi bir kez okudu, sonra bir daha. O an yaln\u0131zca kendi incinmi\u015fli\u011fini de\u011fil, insan\u0131n ba\u015fkas\u0131ndan bekledi\u011fi anlamla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n verdi\u011fi sessizlik aras\u0131ndaki mesafeyi de g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"802\" data-end=\"941\">Belki felsefe onun i\u00e7in tam orada ba\u015flad\u0131: birinin gelmedi\u011fi masadan kalk\u0131p, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n suskunlu\u011funa a\u00e7\u0131lan bir sayfan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne oturdu\u011funda.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"943\" data-end=\"1050\">M\u00fcnir Amca\u2019yla bir \u00e7ay oca\u011f\u0131nda tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ya\u015fl\u0131 adam \u00c2dem\u2019in zihnine y\u0131llarca kapanmayacak bir soru b\u0131rakt\u0131:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1052\" data-end=\"1086\">\u201cTanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sessizli\u011fi hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun Adem!&#8221;<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1088\" data-end=\"1428\">M\u00fcnir Amca\u2019ya g\u00f6re insan Tanr\u0131\u2019y\u0131 ancak O\u2019nun kendini tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerden, yarat\u0131lanlar\u0131n i\u00e7indeki izlerden ve sezebildi\u011fi i\u015faretlerden hareketle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirdi. Do\u011fa d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131lacak bir alan de\u011fildi; fakat Tanr\u0131\u2019y\u0131 do\u011fan\u0131n kendisi saymak da besteyi besteci sanmak gibiydi. Notalar duyulurdu, ama besteci notalar\u0131n i\u00e7ine hapsedilemezdi.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1430\" data-end=\"1794\">\u00c2dem o konu\u015fmadan sonra hakikati yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u015feylerin toplam\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemedi. Mavi\u2019nin yoklu\u011fu, Camus\u2019n\u00fcn kay\u0131ts\u0131z c\u00fcmlesi ve M\u00fcnir Amca\u2019n\u0131n Tanr\u0131 sorusu birbirine temas ediyordu. Sanki g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez bir a\u011f t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flar gibiydi.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1796\" data-end=\"1911\">Hakikat tek bir yerde mi duruyordu, yoksa insan ona ancak par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine de\u011fdi\u011fi anlarda m\u0131 yakla\u015fabiliyordu?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1913\" data-end=\"2300\">Sonraki y\u0131llarda \u00c2dem bu sorunun pe\u015finden gitti. B\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri, romanc\u0131lar\u0131, \u015fairleri, kutsal metinleri ve eski bilgelik geleneklerini okudu. Camus\u2019de insan\u0131n evren kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Dostoyevski\u2019de su\u00e7un ve vicdan\u0131n karanl\u0131k odalar\u0131n\u0131, Nietzsche\u2019de insan\u0131n kendi de\u011ferlerini yeniden kurma cesaretini, Kierkegaard\u2019da Tanr\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tek ba\u015f\u0131na kalan ruhun titremesini g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2302\" data-end=\"2639\">Schopenhauer\u2019un irade d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi onu sarst\u0131; fakat insan\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ac\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine kapatmas\u0131na itiraz etti. \u0130bn Arab\u00ee\u2019de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n derin bir birlik sezgisine yakla\u015ft\u0131; ama bu birli\u011fin insan\u0131 haz\u0131r bir cevaba yaslamamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Dini metinlerde ise insan\u0131n yaln\u0131z akl\u0131na de\u011fil, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en derin yerine seslenen bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"168\">Bu okumalar \u00c2dem\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131rd\u0131. Baz\u0131 sat\u0131rlar\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi, baz\u0131 c\u00fcmlelerin kenar\u0131na \u00fcnlem koydu, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na yaln\u0131zca soru i\u015fareti b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"170\" data-end=\"536\">Zamanla \u015funu fark etti: Bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin etkileyici olmas\u0131, hakikati b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmiyordu. Her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ba\u015fka bir yerden bak\u0131yor, ba\u015fka bir yaray\u0131 yokluyor, ba\u015fka bir kap\u0131y\u0131 aral\u0131yordu. Aralar\u0131nda sert kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar vard\u0131; ama bazen ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ne bakan tuhaf yak\u0131nl\u0131klar da seziliyordu. Bu y\u00fczden bir fikri hemen kabul etmek de kolay de\u011fildi, reddetmek de.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"538\" data-end=\"818\">\u00c2dem, art\u0131k bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin mutlak hakikat olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormaktan \u00e7ok, hakikate ne kadar d\u00f6n\u00fck oldu\u011funu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. \u00d6nce fikrin kendi i\u00e7inde ayakta durup durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131yordu. Kavramlar birbirini ta\u015f\u0131yor muydu, yoksa bir noktada kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7atl\u0131yor muydu?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"820\" data-end=\"1013\">Sonra o fikri ba\u015fka \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131n, ba\u015fka d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin ve insan hayat\u0131n\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2llerinin yan\u0131na koyuyordu. Orada h\u00e2l\u00e2 canl\u0131 kal\u0131yor muydu? Yoksa yaln\u0131zca kendi dar alan\u0131nda m\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1015\" data-end=\"1157\">En sonunda ya\u015fanan hayata d\u00f6n\u00fcyordu. Tarih, insan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, ac\u0131, umut, korku, inan\u00e7 ve g\u00fcndelik ger\u00e7eklik o fikre bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k veriyor muydu?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1159\" data-end=\"1462\">\u00c2dem hi\u00e7bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fc kolayca reddetmedi. Fakat hi\u00e7birine b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle teslim de olmad\u0131. Her biri ona bir par\u00e7a verdi. Kimi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n karanl\u0131k taraf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi, kimi insan\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck arzusunu. Kimi Tanr\u0131 fikrinin kalpte a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 derinli\u011fe dokundu, kimi akl\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na gelindi\u011finde ba\u015flayan sessizli\u011fi duyurdu.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1589\">Zihninde yava\u015f yava\u015f \u015fu kanaat yerle\u015fti: Hakikat tek bir metnin, tek bir filozofun ya da tek bir disiplinin i\u00e7ine s\u0131\u011fm\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1591\" data-end=\"1740\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bir yerinden ayd\u0131nlat\u0131yor, bir yerinden eksik kal\u0131yordu. Eksiklik, de\u011fersizlik de\u011fildi. Belki de ba\u015fka par\u00e7alarla temas etme ihtiyac\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3928\" data-end=\"4331\">\u00c2dem elbette kurgusal bir karakterdir. Fakat baz\u0131 kurgular, ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ger\u00e7e\u011fi do\u011frudan s\u00f6ylemekten daha iyi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in vard\u0131r. Bu sayfalar\u0131 okuyan herkes \u00c2dem\u2019in i\u00e7inde kendinden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir par\u00e7a bulabilir: beklenmi\u015f ama gelmemi\u015f birini, yar\u0131m kalm\u0131\u015f bir c\u00fcmleyi, i\u00e7ine oturan bir sessizli\u011fi, \u00e7ocukluktan ta\u015f\u0131nan bir eksikli\u011fi ya da hayat\u0131n bir yerinde ans\u0131z\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lan o b\u00fcy\u00fck soruyu.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4333\" data-end=\"4483\">\u00c2dem\u2019in hik\u00e2yesi bu y\u00fczden yaln\u0131zca ona ait de\u011fildir. Onun felsefeye y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, insan\u0131n kendi k\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131ndan anlam \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesidir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4485\" data-end=\"4789\">B\u00fct\u00fcn bu hik\u00e2yelerde as\u0131l ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sessizli\u011fidir. \u0130nsan \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ac\u0131ya de\u011fil, ac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda gelen suskunlu\u011fa tak\u0131l\u0131r. Bir olay olur, biri gelmez, bir kay\u0131p ya\u015fan\u0131r, bir zafer insan\u0131n elinde kanl\u0131 bir y\u00fcke d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u0130nsan bunlar\u0131n kendisinden \u00e7ok, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn neden konu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak eder.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4791\" data-end=\"5047\">Spek\u00fclasyon, felsefe ve yorumlama ihtiyac\u0131 burada ba\u015flar. Tanr\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a konu\u015fsayd\u0131, insan belki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmezdi. Her \u015fey yerli yerine oturur, soru kendi do\u011fmadan susard\u0131. Fakat sessizlik, insan\u0131 kendi akl\u0131yla, vicdan\u0131yla, ac\u0131s\u0131yla ve sezgisiyle ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5049\" data-end=\"5330\">\u00c2dem\u2019in k\u00fct\u00fcphanede Camus\u2019n\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k kalm\u0131\u015f sayfas\u0131na tak\u0131lmas\u0131 bu y\u00fczden yaln\u0131z ki\u015fisel bir k\u0131rg\u0131nl\u0131k de\u011fildir. Mavi\u2019nin gelmeyi\u015fi onda bir yokluk duygusu a\u00e7ar; ama o yoklu\u011fun ard\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir suskunluk vard\u0131r. \u201cNeden?\u201d sorusu yaln\u0131z Mavi\u2019ye de\u011fil, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisine y\u00f6nelir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5332\" data-end=\"5609\">M\u00fcnir Amca\u2019n\u0131n \u201cTanr\u0131\u2019y\u0131 nas\u0131l bilebiliriz?\u201d sorusu da ayn\u0131 yerden do\u011far. Tanr\u0131 kendini b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle a\u00e7\u0131k etseydi, bilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gerekmezdi. B\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle gizli kalsayd\u0131, aramak anlams\u0131zla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130nsan tam bu ikisinin aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr: i\u015faretleri g\u00f6r\u00fcr, ama a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 tamamlayamaz.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5332\" data-end=\"5609\">Tesfaye Alemu, ba\u015fka bir hik\u00e2yenin i\u00e7inden gelen kurgusal bir karakterdir. Halk\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe ta\u015f\u0131mak isterken g\u00fc\u00e7le, yalanla, stratejiyle ve vicdanla kirli bir pazarl\u0131\u011fa girmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden onun hik\u00e2yesi \u00c2dem\u2019in sessiz i\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan farkl\u0131d\u0131r; Tesfaye\u2019de ayn\u0131 aray\u0131\u015f, tarihin ve iktidar\u0131n sert ta\u015flar\u0131na \u00e7arpar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5611\" data-end=\"5933\">Tesfaye Alemu\u2019da ayn\u0131 sessizlik daha sert bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. O, ta\u015f kald\u0131r\u0131mda yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde yaln\u0131z gururu k\u0131r\u0131lmaz; kendi kaderiyle hesapla\u015f\u0131r. \u201cBunu mu istedin? \u0130nsanlar\u0131 b\u00f6yle mi kullan\u0131yorsun?\u201d diye sordu\u011funda, cevap bekledi\u011fi yer yine Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sessizli\u011fidir. \u0130syan\u0131 yoklu\u011fa de\u011fil, susan bir muhataba y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5935\" data-end=\"6175\">Sonra \u201cHi\u00e7ler daha kolay ta\u015f\u0131r\u201d diyerek kabulleni\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011finde sessizlik ortadan kalkmaz. Yaln\u0131zca anlam\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir. Cevap gelmedi\u011fi h\u00e2lde y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyi kabul eder. Kendini merkeze koymaktan vazge\u00e7er; y\u00fck\u00fcn sahibi de\u011fil, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6177\" data-end=\"6494\">Panlektik Felsefe tam bu aral\u0131kta do\u011far. Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sessizli\u011fi insan\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fa b\u0131rakmaz; onu yorumlamaya, par\u00e7alar\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeye, izleri tartmaya ve ba\u011flar\u0131 g\u00f6rmeye zorlar. Hakikat tek bir yerde apa\u00e7\u0131k durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Par\u00e7alar da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in ba\u011flam arar. Ac\u0131 cevaps\u0131z kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in felsefe ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6496\" data-end=\"6637\">\u0130nsan Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sessizli\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ya isyana saplan\u0131r, ya anlams\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fer, ya da sessizli\u011fin i\u00e7inde beliren i\u015faretleri okumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"7017\">Panlektik bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 budur: Sessizlik yokluk de\u011fildir. Bazen en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k bir ses gibi de\u011fil, insan\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye mecbur b\u0131rakan bir suskunluk gibi gelir. \u00c2dem bunu k\u00fct\u00fcphanede sezmi\u015ftir. Tesfaye bunu ta\u015f kald\u0131r\u0131mda \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir. Her ikisi de ayn\u0131 hakikatin farkl\u0131 y\u00fczleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r: \u0130nsan, cevab\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kendisine verilmedi\u011fi yerde yorumlamak zorunda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7019\" data-end=\"7070\">Felsefe de belki en temelde bu zorunlulu\u011fun ad\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7072\" data-end=\"7327\">\u00c2dem\u2019in hik\u00e2yesi ki\u015fisel k\u0131r\u0131lmalardan anlam \u00e7\u0131karma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Fakat Panlektik bak\u0131\u015f yaln\u0131z bireyin i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda dola\u015fmaz; g\u00fcc\u00fcn, tarihin ve sorumlulu\u011fun karanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131na da bakar. Tesfaye Alemu bu y\u00fczden ayn\u0131 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n ba\u015fka bir y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7329\" data-end=\"7636\">Tesfaye, halk\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak isteyen; fakat bunu yaparken yalanla, stratejiyle ve a\u011f\u0131r bedellerle kirlenen bir karakterdir. Bir noktada zafer sarho\u015flu\u011fuyla y\u00fcr\u00fcrken basit bir \u00e7elmeyle ta\u015f kald\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00fc\u015fer. O d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f yaln\u0131z bedeninin yere \u00e7arpmas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Kendini tarihin merkezinde g\u00f6ren iradenin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7638\" data-end=\"7954\">Kanayan eline bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ac\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar ger\u00e7ek, g\u00fcc\u00fcn ne kadar ge\u00e7ici oldu\u011funu anlar. \u0130\u00e7inden y\u00fckselen sitem de buradan do\u011far: \u201cBunu mu istedin? \u0130nsanlar\u0131 b\u00f6yle mi kullan\u0131yorsun? Bu mu senin yolun?\u201d Bu s\u00f6z ink\u00e2rdan \u00e7ok muhatap arayan bir isyand\u0131r. \u0130nsan bazen en sert sitemini, h\u00e2l\u00e2 cevap bekledi\u011fi kap\u0131ya y\u00f6neltir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7956\" data-end=\"8227\">Tesfaye\u2019nin i\u00e7indeki k\u0131r\u0131lma isyanda kalmaz. Bir s\u00fcre sonra o karanl\u0131k sorunun kendisini t\u00fcketmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark eder. Baz\u0131 sorular insan\u0131 hakikate yakla\u015ft\u0131rmaz; yaln\u0131z i\u00e7ini karartan bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcye hapseder. Geri \u00e7ekilir. \u00c7ocuklu\u011fundan kalan bir dua dudaklar\u0131na d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8229\" data-end=\"8252\">\u201cTanr\u0131 merhamet etsin.\u201d<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8254\" data-end=\"8281\">Sonra \u015fu kabulleni\u015fe var\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8283\" data-end=\"8309\">\u201cHi\u00e7ler daha kolay ta\u015f\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8311\" data-end=\"8498\">Bu c\u00fcmle teslimiyetin zay\u0131fl\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. \u0130nsan kendini merkeze koyduk\u00e7a y\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Kendini yaln\u0131zca ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde y\u00fck hafiflemez belki; ama ta\u015f\u0131nabilir h\u00e2le gelir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8500\" data-end=\"8840\">\u00c2dem\u2019in okuduklar\u0131yla vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer de buna yak\u0131nd\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler ve dini metinler ona yaln\u0131z hayranl\u0131k vermedi; bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc de kazand\u0131rd\u0131. Bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin \u00f6nce kendi i\u00e7inde ayakta durup durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, sonra ba\u015fka d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p da\u011f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, en sonunda da ya\u015fanan ger\u00e7eklikte kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulup bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8842\" data-end=\"9138\">Tesfaye\u2019nin isyan\u0131 ve kabulleni\u015fi de bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcden ge\u00e7ince yerini bulur. Ac\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na hakikat de\u011fildir. G\u00fc\u00e7 tek ba\u015f\u0131na me\u015fruiyet de\u011fildir. Teslimiyet de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin sonu de\u011fildir. Bazen teslimiyet, insan\u0131n kendini mutlak merkez sanmaktan vazge\u00e7ip daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde yerini kabul etmesidir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9140\" data-end=\"9412\">B\u00f6ylece \u00c2dem ve Tesfaye iki ayr\u0131 kurgu kahraman\u0131 olarak ayn\u0131 kap\u0131ya farkl\u0131 yollardan gelir. \u00c2dem k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir bekleyi\u015ften ve a\u00e7\u0131k unutulmu\u015f bir kitaptan yola \u00e7\u0131kar. Tesfaye iktidar\u0131n sarho\u015flu\u011fundan ta\u015f kald\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00fc\u015ferek uyan\u0131r. Biri sessizlikte, di\u011feri \u00e7arp\u0131lmada \u00f6\u011frenir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9414\" data-end=\"9594\">\u0130kisinin vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 soru benzerdir: Hakikat insan\u0131n kendi ac\u0131s\u0131nda ya da kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcnde tamamlan\u0131r m\u0131; yoksa insan ancak kendisini a\u015fan ba\u011flar\u0131 fark etti\u011finde ona yakla\u015fmaya m\u0131 ba\u015flar?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9596\" data-end=\"9958\">Panlektik Felsefe bu ortak insan h\u00e2linin i\u00e7inden do\u011far. Hakikatin tek bir yerde, tek bir \u00f6\u011fretide ya da tek bir bak\u0131\u015fta tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmez. \u0130nsan \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ger\u00e7e\u011fin yaln\u0131zca bir taraf\u0131na dokunur; sonra dokundu\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn san\u0131r. Oysa hakikat, par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine yakla\u015fmas\u0131nda, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerin yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131nda ve ba\u011flamlar\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni ufuklarda belirir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9960\" data-end=\"10259\">Panlektik bak\u0131\u015f felsefeyi kapal\u0131 bir sistem kurma \u00e7abas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmez. Da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnen izlerin birbirine nas\u0131l de\u011fdi\u011fini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bir olay yaln\u0131zca kendi ba\u015f\u0131na anlam ta\u015f\u0131maz; onu \u00f6nceleyen hat\u0131ralarla, ona e\u015flik eden ac\u0131larla ve onu izleyen kararlarla birlikte ba\u015fka bir derinlik kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10261\" data-end=\"10428\">\u00c2dem\u2019in Mavi\u2019yi beklemesi, Camus\u2019n\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k kalm\u0131\u015f sayfas\u0131 ve M\u00fcnir Amca\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri tek tek bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayr\u0131 sahnelerdir. Birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir y\u00f6n olu\u015ftururlar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10430\" data-end=\"10778\">N\u00fcve, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcn ilk k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bazen bir c\u00fcmle, bazen bir kay\u0131p, bazen bir bak\u0131\u015f, bazen insan\u0131n i\u00e7ine ans\u0131z\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fen bir soru N\u00fcve olur. N\u00fcve pasif bir veri de\u011fildir; dokundu\u011fu yeri harekete ge\u00e7iren yo\u011fun bir i\u015farettir. \u00c2dem i\u00e7in Camus\u2019n\u00fcn o sayfas\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir etki b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ki\u015fisel bir k\u0131rg\u0131nl\u0131k, o c\u00fcmleyle insan\u0131n anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10780\" data-end=\"11227\">D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm, N\u00fcve\u2019nin temas etti\u011fi yerdir. Bir insan, bir toplum, bir \u00e7a\u011f ya da bir medeniyet d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm h\u00e2line gelebilir. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm kendi i\u00e7inde potansiyel ta\u015f\u0131r; fakat do\u011fru N\u00fcve ona temas etmeden bu potansiyel \u00e7o\u011fu zaman uykuda kal\u0131r. \u00c2dem\u2019in i\u00e7inde \u00e7ocukluktan beri biriken ge\u00e7icilik duygusu, babas\u0131ndan kalan mesafe, dedesinden duydu\u011fu s\u00f6zler ve Mavi\u2019nin b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015fluk zaten vard\u0131. Camus\u2019n\u00fcn c\u00fcmlesi bunlar\u0131 yoktan var etmedi; yaln\u0131zca bir araya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11229\" data-end=\"11635\">Ba\u011flam, bu temas\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 aland\u0131r. N\u00fcve d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcme de\u011fdi\u011finde insan yaln\u0131zca yeni bir bilgi edinmez; ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyi ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6zle g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flar. Ayn\u0131 olay, yeni bir anlam d\u00fczenine yerle\u015fir. Bu y\u00fczden ba\u011flam, Panlektik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede yaln\u0131z d\u0131\u015f \u015fartlar demek de\u011fildir. Ba\u011flam, anlam\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu yerdir. \u0130nsan olaylar\u0131n i\u00e7inde de\u011fil; olaylar\u0131n birbirine de\u011fdi\u011fi bu canl\u0131 alanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, incinir, de\u011fi\u015fir ve y\u00f6n bulur.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11637\" data-end=\"11942\">M\u00fchendislikteki \u00f6d\u00fcnle\u015fim fikri burada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulur. Ger\u00e7ek hayatta hi\u00e7bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yaln\u0131zca kazan\u00e7 \u00fcretmez. Bir yerde sa\u011flanan denge, ba\u015fka bir yerde yeni bir gerilim do\u011furabilir. G\u00fc\u00e7 artt\u0131k\u00e7a esneklik azalabilir. H\u0131z y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e kontrol zorla\u015fabilir. Sadelik korunurken derinlik kaybedilebilir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11944\" data-end=\"12241\">\u0130nsan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi de b\u00f6yledir. Bir filozof maddeyi a\u00e7\u0131klarken ruhu eksik b\u0131rakabilir. Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 iradeyi merkeze al\u0131rken ba\u011flam\u0131 ihmal edebilir. Bir di\u011feri dili \u00e7\u00f6zerken varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sessiz taraf\u0131na yakla\u015famayabilir. Panlektik bak\u0131\u015f bu eksikli\u011fi bir kusur olarak de\u011fil, par\u00e7alar\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12243\" data-end=\"12623\">Hakikat tek bir elin kavrayaca\u011f\u0131 kadar dar de\u011fildir. Her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ona bir yerinden dokunur. Her b\u00fcy\u00fck sistem, ger\u00e7e\u011fin bir y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ayd\u0131nlat\u0131rken ba\u015fka bir y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6lgede b\u0131rak\u0131r. Panlektik Felsefe bu y\u00fczden filozoflar\u0131, inan\u00e7lar\u0131, bilimsel yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ya da ki\u015fisel deneyimleri birbirinin d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 gibi okumaz. Onlar\u0131 daha geni\u015f bir anlam dokusunun farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleri olarak ele al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12625\" data-end=\"12991\">Bu dokuda sarmal hareket belirleyicidir. \u0130nsan ayn\u0131 sorulara tekrar tekrar d\u00f6ner; fakat her d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte ayn\u0131 yerde de\u011fildir. \u00c7ocukken duydu\u011fu bir s\u00f6z, y\u0131llar sonra ba\u015fka bir anlam kazan\u0131r. Gen\u00e7likte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir k\u0131r\u0131lma, olgunlukta bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bir kitap ilk okundu\u011funda yaln\u0131zca metindir; y\u0131llar sonra insan\u0131n kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7an bir anahtar h\u00e2line gelebilir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12993\" data-end=\"13100\">Panlektik yolculuk d\u00fcz bir \u00e7izgi gibi ilerlemez. Geri d\u00f6ner, yoklar, derinle\u015fir ve ba\u015fka bir katmana \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"13102\" data-end=\"13430\">\u00c2dem\u2019in hik\u00e2yesi bu sarmal\u0131n edebi y\u00fcz\u00fcd\u00fcr. O, bir ac\u0131dan do\u011frudan bir sisteme atlamaz. \u00d6nce bekler, k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, susar, okur, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r, tekrar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Sonra ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feylerin birbirinden kopuk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sezmeye ba\u015flar. Felsefe onun i\u00e7in soyut bir u\u011fra\u015f de\u011fil, hayat\u0131n da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 incitmeden bir araya getirme \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"13432\" data-end=\"13814\">Panlektik olmak biraz da bu \u00e7abay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektir. Perdenin arkas\u0131ndaki di\u015flileri ve mekani\u011fi sezmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, sahnedeki oyunun esteti\u011fine hayran kalabilmektir. \u0130nsan yaln\u0131zca sistemi g\u00f6r\u00fcrse hayat\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. Yaln\u0131zca duyguyu g\u00f6r\u00fcrse d\u00fczeni ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131r. Panlektik bak\u0131\u015f ikisini ayn\u0131 anda tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: d\u00fczeni ve ac\u0131y\u0131, mekanizmay\u0131 ve sesi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi ve ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"13816\" data-end=\"14164\">Panlektik Felsefe hakikati ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f bir sonu\u00e7 olarak de\u011fil, ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131lan bir y\u00f6n olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bilgi sahip olunacak bir nesne de\u011fildir; ta\u015f\u0131nan, aktar\u0131lan, temas ettik\u00e7e de\u011fi\u015fen bir ak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ba\u015fka bir insana ge\u00e7ti\u011finde ayn\u0131 kalmaz. Yeni bir haf\u0131zaya, yeni bir ac\u0131ya, yeni bir ba\u011flama de\u011ferek ba\u015fka bir titre\u015fim kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"14166\" data-end=\"14478\">\u00c2dem\u2019in k\u00fct\u00fcphanede ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey buydu. Camus\u2019n\u00fcn c\u00fcmlesi yaln\u0131zca Camus\u2019n\u00fcn c\u00fcmlesi olarak kalmad\u0131. \u00c2dem\u2019in bekleyi\u015fine, Mavi\u2019nin yoklu\u011funa, M\u00fcnir Amca\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretece\u011fi bak\u0131\u015fa ve ileride \u015fekillenecek Panlektik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye temas etti. B\u00f6ylece bir roman sayfas\u0131, bir insan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc uyand\u0131ran N\u00fcve\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"14480\" data-end=\"14735\">Her okurun \u00c2dem\u2019de kendinden bir par\u00e7a bulabilmesi de buradan gelir. Hepimizin i\u00e7inde bekleyen d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmler vard\u0131r. Bazen bir c\u00fcmle onlar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irir. Bazen bir ayr\u0131l\u0131k. Bazen bir \u015fehir. Bazen y\u0131llar \u00f6nce s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, ama anlam\u0131 \u00e7ok sonra a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir s\u00f6z.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"14737\" data-end=\"14863\">\u0130nsan kendi hayat\u0131ndaki bu temaslar\u0131 fark etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yaln\u0131z ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olmaz; ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dokusunu da g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"14865\" data-end=\"15152\">Panlektik Felsefe bu dokuyu okuma giri\u015fimidir. Hakikati tek bir merkeze hapsetmeden, par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine nas\u0131l ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. N\u00fcve\u2019nin D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u2019e nas\u0131l temas etti\u011fini, bu temastan hangi Ba\u011flam\u2019\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011funu ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bu hareketin nas\u0131l bir Sarmal i\u00e7inde derinle\u015fti\u011fini izler.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"15154\" data-end=\"15249\">B\u00f6ylece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce hayattan kopmaz; hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inde zaten \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez d\u00fczeni anlamaya y\u00f6nelir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"15251\" data-end=\"15356\">Felsefemizi daha iyi aktarabilmek i\u00e7in temel kavramlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u011flant\u0131larda ayr\u0131ca a\u00e7\u0131klamak isteriz.<\/p>\n<p>[menu_grid name=&#8221;Kavramlar&#8221; columns=&#8221;4&#8243; mode=&#8221;horizontal&#8221; scale=&#8221;100&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; title_lines=&#8221;3&#8243; excerpt_lines=&#8221;3&#8243; title_size=&#8221;19&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.panlectic.info\/yazilar\/\">Daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 okumaya ba\u015flayabilirsiniz.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c2dem\u2019in felsefeye ilgisi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iddiayla ba\u015flamad\u0131. Ne bir k\u00fcrs\u00fcde, ne d\u00fczenli bir okuma program\u0131nda, ne de kendine filozof deme hevesinde. Ankara\u2019n\u0131n so\u011fuk bir ak\u015fam\u0131nda, beklenmeyen bir k\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ba\u015flad\u0131. Mavi\u2019yle bulu\u015faca\u011f\u0131 pastanede uzun s\u00fcre oturmu\u015ftu. Duvar saatine, buhar\u0131 azalan \u00e7aya, her a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanan kap\u0131ya bakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mavi gelmedi. \u00c2dem de eve d\u00f6nmedi. Milli K\u00fct\u00fcphane\u2019ye y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cemalkara.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}